East Coast Marine Ltd. | ||||||||
(Amount in A $) 1. | ||||||||
Calculation of the material handling rate that would have been used by Eloise Smith’s predecessor at East Coast Marine | ||||||||
Payroll | 1,80,000 | |||||||
Employee on cost | 36,000 | |||||||
Telephone | 38,000 | |||||||
Utilities | 22,000 | |||||||
Materials and supplies | 6,000 | |||||||
Depreciation | 6,000 | |||||||
Total | 2,88,000 | 1 | ||||||
Direct material budgeted costs | ||||||||
Government contracts | 20,06,000 | |||||||
Commercial | 8,74,000 | |||||||
Total | 28,80,000 | 2 | ||||||
Material handling rate | (2)/(1) | |||||||
10% | ||||||||
2. Calculation of the revised material handling costs to be allocated on a per purchase order basis | ||||||||
Total material handling costs | 2,88,000 | |||||||
less | ||||||||
direct costs | ||||||||
Payroll | 36,000 | |||||||
Employee on cost | 36000*20/100 | 7,200 | ||||||
Telephone | 2,800 | |||||||
Purchase order costs | 2,42,000 | 1 | ||||||
Total purchase orders | 2,42,000 | 2 | ||||||
Allocation rate | (1)/(2) | |||||||
1% | ||||||||
4. Calculation of the difference due to the change to the new method of allocating material handling costs to government contracts. | ||||||||
Old method | ||||||||
Direct material budgeted costs | ||||||||
Government contracts | 20,06,000 | 1 | ||||||
Material handling rate | 10% | 2 | ||||||
Total cost | 1*2 | 2,00,600 | ||||||
New method | ||||||||
Direct costs | ||||||||
Payroll | 36,000 | |||||||
Employee on cost | 36000*20/100 | 7,200 | ||||||
Telephone | 2,800 | |||||||
Total | 46,000 | |||||||
Purchase order costs | 79860*1 | 79,860 | ||||||
Total cost | 1,25,860 | |||||||
Government contract related purchase orders | 242000*33/100 | 79,860 | ||||||
The new method will reduce the material handling cost to government contracts by | ||||||||
200600-125860 | ||||||||
74,740 | ||||||||
5. | ||||||||
Forecast of the cumulative dollar impact over a three-year period | ||||||||
Year | 1 | 2 | 3 | |||||
Direct material cost ( 2.5% annual increase) | 28,80,000 | 1.025 | 29,52,000 | 1.025 | 30,25,800 | |||
Material handling rate | 10% | |||||||
2,88,000 | 2,95,200 | 3,02,580 | ||||||
Direct costs each year | ||||||||
Payroll | 36,000 | 36,000 | 36,000 | |||||
Employee on cost | 36000*20/100 | 7,200 | 7,200 | 7,200 | ||||
Telephone | 2,800 | 2,800 | 2,800 | |||||
Total | 2,42,000 | 2,49,200 | 2,56,580 | |||||
Forecasted purchase orders (5% increase) | 2,42,000 | 1.050 | 2,54,100 | 1.050 | 2,66,805 | |||
Government contract related purchase orders (33% * total) | 79,860 | 83,853 | 88,046 | |||||
Allocation to government orders | ||||||||
Direct material cost ( 2.5% increase) | 2,42,000 | 2,49,200 | 2,56,580 | |||||
Forecasted purchase orders (5% increase) | 2,42,000 | 2,54,100 | 2,66,805 | |||||
1.00 | 0.98 | 0.96 | 1 | |||||
Government contract related purchase orders (33% * total) | 79,860 | 83,853 | 88,046 | 2 | ||||
(1)*(2) | 79,860 | 82,236 | 84,671 | |||||
Direct costs each year | ||||||||
Payroll | 36,000 | 36,000 | 36,000 | |||||
Employee on cost | 36000*20/100 | 7,200 | 7,200 | 7,200 | ||||
Telephone | 2,800 | 2,800 | 2,800 | |||||
Total variable cost allocation | 1,25,860 | 1,28,236 | 1,30,671.40 | |||||
Calculation of cumulative dollar impact | ||||||||
Direct material cost ( 2.5% increase | 28,80,000 | 1.025 | 29,52,000 | 1.025 | 30,25,800 | |||
Government material cost (70% of material cost) | 20,16,000 | 20,66,400 | 21,18,060 | 1 | ||||
Material handling rate | 10% | 2 | ||||||
Material handling cost | 2,01,600 | 2,06,640 | 2,11,806 | a | ||||
Total variable cost allocation | 1,25,860 | 1,28,236 | 1,30,671.40 | b | ||||
Net reduction a-b | 75,740 | 78,404 | 81,134.60 |
Handy Household products | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
For the first six months of the year | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Expected output | 1,00,000 | 1,00,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
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Alternatives available | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Price per box S | Sales volume | Total revenue (Price*volume) | Variable costs( volume*16) | Price per box C | Sales volume | Total revenue (Price*volume) | Variable costs( volume*21) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18 | 1,20,000 | 21,60,000 | 19,20,000 | 25 | 1,75,000 | 43,75,000 | 36,75,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
20 | 1,00,000 | 20,00,000 | 16,00,000 | 27 | 1,40,000 | 37,80,000 | 29,40,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
21 | 90,000 | 18,90,000 | 14,40,000 | 30 | 1,00,000 | 30,00,000 | 21,00,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
22 | 80,000 | 17,60,000 | 12,80,000 | 32 | 55,000 | 17,60,000 | 11,55,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
23 | 50,000 | 11,50,000 | 8,00,000 | 35 | 35,000 | 12,25,000 | 7,35,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Costs per box under each alternative | S | C | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Direct material | 7 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Direct labour | 4 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable manufacturing overhead | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable selling and administrative costs | 4 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total per unit variable cost | 16 | 21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fixed manufacturing overhead | 4 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total per unit fixed cost | 4 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Calculation of contribution under each alternative | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contribution = Revenue less variable costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenue S | Total revenue C | Variable costs S | Variable costs C | Contribution S | Contribution C | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
21,60,000 | 43,75,000 | 19,20,000 | 36,75,000 | 2,40,000 | 7,00,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
20,00,000 | 37,80,000 | 16,00,000 | 29,40,000 | 4,00,000 | 8,40,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18,90,000 | 30,00,000 | 14,40,000 | 21,00,000 | 4,50,000 | 9,00,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
17,60,000 | 17,60,000 | 12,80,000 | 11,55,000 | 4,80,000 | 6,05,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
11,50,000 | 12,25,000 | 8,00,000 | 7,35,000 | 3,50,000 | 4,90,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contribution is maximum @ $ 22 per box price for S | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contribution is maximum @ $ 30 per box price for C | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total contribution at these prices would be $ 13,80,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
These are the prices at which the company will make maximum profits after providing for fixed cost | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Profit made at selected prices | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contribution S | Contribution C | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4,80,000 | 9,00,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
less | fixed costs | 3,20,000 | 5,00,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
80,000*4 | 5*100000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
less | fixed selling and administrative expenses | 1,30,909.09 | 1,09,090.91 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
120/220*240000 | 240000-130909.09 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Profit | 29,090.91 | 2,90,909.09 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total profit | 3,20,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In the second case ; the profit made under the given alternatives would be | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Price per box S | Sales volume | Total revenue (Price*volume) | Variable costs( volume*16) | Price per boxC | Sales volume3 | Total revenue (Price*volume)4 | Variable costs( volume*21) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
23 | 50,000 | 11,50,000 | 8,00,000 | 35 | 35,000 | 12,25,000 | 7,35,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Calculation of contribution under the alternative | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenue S | Total revenue C | Variable costs S | Variable costs C | Contribution S | Contribution C | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
11,50,000 | 12,25,000 | 8,00,000 | 7,35,000 | 3,50,000 | 4,90,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Profit made at selected prices | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contribution S | Contribution C | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3,50,000 | 4,90,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
less | fixed costs | 2,00,000 | 1,75,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
50000*4 | 5*35000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fixed selling and administrative expenses | 1,41,176 | 98,824 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
50/85*240000 | 240000-141176 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Profit | 8,824 | 2,16,176 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total profit | 2,25,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3. | Decision to shut down or continue | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Calculation of the cost of shutdown | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable costs S | Variable costs C | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Savings in variable costs | 12,80,000 | 21,00,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fixed costs | -10,00,000 | -17,50,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Savings | 2,80,000 | 3,50,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total savings | 6,30,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
less | Fixed selling and administrative expenses | 2,40,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total shutdown savings | 3,90,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
* Savings in variable costs have been calculated on the basis that the volume calculated in 1 giving maximum profits would have been produced if the plant was not shut down | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
* Fixed costs have been charged for full capacity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
*Fixed selling and administrative expenses would still be incurred being fixed in nature | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The savings from shut down in aggregate are $ 3,90,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The profit on continuing is $ 3,20,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
So it is an apt decision to shut down in this case | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Amount in $) | |||||||
At present | |||||||
Number of members | 2,000 | ||||||
Annual membership fees per head | |||||||
Individual | 45 | ||||||
Student | 30 | ||||||
Family | 100 | ||||||
Total revenue from annual fees | |||||||
2000*50%*100 | 1,00,000 | ||||||
1000*50%*45 | 22,500 | ||||||
1000*50%*30 | 15,000 | ||||||
1,37,500 | |||||||
Number of courts | 10 | ||||||
Hourly fees | 8 | ||||||
12 | |||||||
Availability of courts | 12 | ||||||
Number of hours available in a day | 12*10 | 120 | |||||
Peak season | October to April | 181 days | |||||
Prime time usage | 90 to100% | 4 hours | |||||
Non Prime time usage | 50 to 60% | 7 hours | |||||
Total revenue in peak season | |||||||
Prime time usage | |||||||
Pessimistic | 181*4*8*10*90% | 52,128 | |||||
Optimistic | 181*4*8*10 | 57,920 | |||||
Moderate | 52128+57920/2 | 55,024 | |||||
Non Prime time usage | |||||||
Pessimistic | 181*7*12*10*50% | 76020 | |||||
Optimistic | 181*7*12*10*60% | 91224 | |||||
Moderate | 76020+91224/2 | 83,622 | |||||
Total revenue in peak season | |||||||
Optimistic | 1,49,144 | ||||||
Pessimistic | 1,28,148 | ||||||
Moderate | 1,38,646 | ||||||
Off season | |||||||
Usage | 20 to 30% | at 6 per hour | |||||
Pessimistic | 184*11*6*10*20% | 24,288 | |||||
Optimistic | 184*11*6*10*30% | 36,432 | |||||
Moderate | 24288+36432/2 | 30,360 | |||||
* 365-181 days = 184 days | |||||||
Total fees | (Peak +off season) | Old plan | New plan | Increase | |||
Optimistic | 3,23,076 | 6,45,000 | 3,21,924 | ||||
Pessimistic | 2,89,936 | 6,45,000 | 3,55,064 | ||||
Moderate | 3,06,506 | 6,45,000 | 3,38,494 | ||||
New plan | |||||||
Number of members | 2,000 | ||||||
Annual membership fees per head | |||||||
Individual | 300 | ||||||
Family | 500 | ||||||
Discounted fee rate per head for fees received in August and September | |||||||
Individual | 250 | ||||||
Family | 450 | ||||||
Members continuing | |||||||
70%*2000 | 1,400 | ||||||
Members not Continuing | |||||||
30%*2000 | 600 | ||||||
Total revenue from annual fees | |||||||
Individual | 1000*50%*300 | 1,50,000 | |||||
Members availing discount | |||||||
(assumed family) | 45%*2000*450 | 4,05,000 | |||||
New members | 600*300*50% | 90,000 | |||||
(assumed half year joiners and all students) | |||||||
6,45,000 |
1,212,718Orders
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