Architecture to TOGAF - Computer Science Assessment Answer

ASSIGNMENT
Depending on context, what are the meanings of architecture to TOGAF Why do you suppose that TOGAF makes a distinction between the two meanings (Marked out of 4)
Answer The TOGAF is known to be an architecture framework that is abbreviated for the form of The Open Group Architecture Framework. On depending to the context the meaning of TOGAF with respect to the architecture can be defined with the organizations of the system that can be embodied into the various components and can also maintain some of the relationships related with the designs and the evolutions (Josey, 2009). There can be the various architectures which can form a distinction for the two meanings that is given for the TOGAF. There are two different interpretations that can be formed for the defining of the TOGAF and that can also be defined for the component level for guiding with the certain implementations. The another architecture that can be used for the distinction of the meanings for the TOGAF can be defined for describing the structure and for the components of the inter-relationships and for the principles and guidelines for designing the evolution with the certain time.
Name two drawbacks of outsourcing. (Marked out of 4)
Answer The outsourcing is responsible for providing the flexibility along with the financial freedom to any sort of organization. In other words, outsourcing is done for obtaining of the goods and services and also for managing the services and also helps in the reduction of the short term costs that are bear by any organization. The outsourcing is a widely used practice that is done by several organizations for contracting the business functions and also for increasing the efficiency of any organization. However, there are many of the drawbacks as well in outsourcing. The main two drawbacks that can be witnessed by the outsourcing can be the discrepancy in the confidentiality and security. The confidentiality and security are put at risk in outsourcing as there are direct handling of the business functions to the third party which in result may be at risk. There might be some of the risks that are involved for the exposing of the confidential data (Josey, 2009). The lack of the customer focus also comes under the disadvantages of outsourcing as there might be some of the vendors that can cater to the expertise at a time for the multiple organizations.
3. Explain the benefits and weaknesses when combining TOGAF with the Gartner Enterprise Architecture. (Marked out of 4)
Answer According to 2016 Gartner CIO agenda survey, it can be said that for any kind of the business to get involved in any of the services there needs to be performed an innovation with the senior level of the business to perform in engaging the digital business operations we need to have some of the understanding of matching it with the Enterprise architecture which can also be used for seeing it as the visibility issue for the business capabilities in combining it with the information and the technology (Stallings, 2011).
The benefits that can be seen for it to combine with TOGAF and the Gartner Enterprise Architecture are (Josey, Andrew 2009)
The leading organizations are successfully increasing the sourcing challenges which are there for the practices for delivering the business values and its outcomes.
The changes can be considered as necessary in order to give them a support to the world of technology architectures and platforms in order to change them.
The Enterprise architecture are responsible for contributing the business along with its execution.
Disadvantages The linking of TOGAF along with Gartner Enterprise Architecture results in the enterprise architecture not linking with SA.
There is agile development for the opposed strategic and the big-up front design for the combination of TOGAF with Gartner Enterprise.
4. How does TOGAF match up with other enterprise frameworks Is it a complete solution to manage all aspects of a companys architecture Briefly describe the reasons for your answer. (Marked out of 4)
Answer The TOGAF is the reflection of the structure and the content of the architecture capability that is given within an enterprise. The TOGAF comprises of the various different architecture and its types which are then further classified as the business architecture, the data architecture, application architecture and the technology architecture. There are certain structures that as a whole comprises of the TOGAF documentation. The enterprise architectures are said to be as the enterprise structure that are used for the serving the blueprint of any sort of the system and for the project that needs to develop it. There are some of the key elements that provide the focus on the TOGAF for using it as the Architecture development method, it can be also considered as the complete solution for managing the aspects in any of the company and its organization for explaining the rules in order to develop the good principles (Josey, 2009). The TOGAF is responsible for providing the guidance of the IT resources and also for providing the guidance to the IT resources.
5. Briefly describe the role that methodology plays in the implementation process. (Marked out of 6)
Answer The ERP implementation strategy is useful for the organization in order to plan the mapping address which is based on the strategies of the company for in order to conduct the strategic decisions that are made for conducting the implementation so as to form the strategic decisions. The ERP implementations are based on the radical changes that might be seen for the radical changes to the companys business processes. It is also considered as one of the most important critical stages of the company that can bear the substantial influences about how the change process of the company are being formed. There are some of the strategies that are being used for the ERP implementation software and it suggests that in order to describe it as the major decisions there needs to have some of the planning that can ensure the alignment of the corporate objectives goals. There are some of the strategies as well that define that the principles that are being used by forming the approaches is used for the ERP implementation. The key aspects that can be used for sustaining the strategic focus of the ERP implementation project can be used for defining the goals in the organizational principles. The implementation of the ERP is important for each and every company. There are several companies as well which start with including of the tools, templates, specific deliverables and for the artifacts for implementing the combination along with the processing of the ERP implementation system.
6. What is the difference between elastic and inelastic internet traffic Briefly explain your answer. (Marked out of 4)
Answer The elastic and inelastic internet traffic are the types of the traffic that are consumed by the bandwidth of the networks and can also have the effects that results in the various delays and the transmission throughputs and the packet losses. The name elastic traffic which implies the traffic conditions that might adjust over some of the ranges where it can be witnessed that the delays and the throughputs across the internet has some of the requirements that are fulfilled by the types of the traffic which are supported on the TCP/IP based internet that might be designed. The major difference between the elastic and the inelastic internet traffic lies in between the fact that elastic internet traffic does not necessarily require a maximum level of bandwidth and hence the high levels of the throughput does not critically involve in the successful transmission (Josey, 2009). However, the inelastic traffic contains the data transmission that uses the user datagram protocol and other different factors such as voice over internet protocol and video conferencing. In this type of traffic there are some of the connections that requires the dedicated RTP connection.
7. Define software as a service. (Marked out of 4)
Answer The software as a service can be defined as the model for the distribution of the software where the customers are provided with certain software over the internet. The definition of software as a service is abbreviated later as SaaS where the service provider hosts the application along with the data center and also for the customer access through the standard web browser. The software as a service is a field of the software license that is based on the subscription that is based centrally and can also be used for the delivery model for certain business applications which may include the applications to the business used over the internet (Josey, 2009).
8. Why is the Federal CIO concerned with security (Marked out of 4)
Answer The main aim of the CIO is related in ensuring the company for ensuring the agency and its compliance for the privacy related laws that can be established and they are also responsible for ensuring the agency and their implementations that also enforces the records that are there for the policies of the management and the procedures that are required by the records of the federal act. The CIOs are also responsible for the collecting the statistical and management areas where it can also be seen that there are certain responsibilities that can be seen that the CIOs are also responsible for the areas that also concern with the primary duties for questioning the split duties that also deal effectively with some of the challenges of the IT (Sessions amp deVadoss, 2014). There are some of the federal agencies that also provide with the contribution of giving some of the examples for depicting the best practices that are also related to the range of the topics that include the vendor communication and also for the contract management.
9. Describe how ERP Architecture is typically organized. Be sure include how the design lends itself to flexibility and cost savings. (Marked out of 4)
Answer The ERP is typically organized with the managing and designing for the manufacturing of the companies and they also have the several industries that are managed for the higher education where there are many of the peculiarities and the government for the ERP also uses the contract lifecycle management that is often abbreviated for the purchasing of the traditional disintegrated data that can be done in any of the organization. The ERP is a software driven business that can be used for the integrating of the different facets of the systems that also include the planning, manufacturing, sales and marketing of the systems (Bansal, 2013). The functional units that access with the same database and which also integrate for seamlessly attaching it to the various functional units are organized in a different way where there are different sectors that are distributed such as for the sales and the distribution, management of the materials is categorized as another sector, finance amp accounting, and production planning.
10. Crucial aspect of the OSI is same layer interaction and adjacent layer interaction. Describe what each term means and how it works. (Marked out of 4)
Answer The OSI layer is responsible for the interactions of the layers that are also used as a model that also help in giving the visual description of the layers and with the networking systems (Larmouth, 1997). The main purpose that can be given by the OSI reference model lies in guiding the vendors and the vendors for developing the digital communication for the products and the software that are required for the creation of the interoperation and also for facilitating the comparisons that are available for the communication and for their tools (Larmouth, 1997). The same layer interaction basically is involved in the communication of the devices that use the single protocols and also allows the abstraction of the layers that can be used for the higher and the lower layers which then provide the given layer. However, in the adjacent layer it can be defined as there are some of the network stacks and which also supports the link layer for the computer in order to support the link layer.
11. Compare and contrast the SDLC (System Development Life Cycle) vs. ERP Life Cycle implementation processes as they relate to the Analysis process during implementations. (marked out of 4)
Answer The ERP implementation life cycle is a process that is known as the understanding of the advanced life cycle which also gives the phases that are quite important for the planning and the organization and also for representing the technologies that are an opportunity that is given for the improvement of the performance. The ERP systems are a result that are used for the providing of the cloud based ERP systems that can also make the job easier, efficient and also are effective for providing the processes that can also outline the timeline for any sort of the life cycle (Bansal, 2013). The SDLC however, is a systematic process that are built for the building of the software which ensures that there is some sort of quality for the correctness of the building of the software. The SDLC also is responsible for the producing of the software that are of high-quality that also meets the needs of the customers expectations. The SDLC also consists of the detailed plan that also explains that there is a building and the planning of the specific software. There are some of the phases as well in the processes and the deliverables that also feed into some of the phases (Josey, 2009).
12. Describe an example of an advantage of a new ERP system and how it effects the efficiency of an organization. Include how the benefit can be measured. (Marked out of 4)
Answer The ERP is being used in many of the parts and has also been successfully implemented by the various industries such as the automobile industries, consumer goods, pharmaceutical sector, banking sector, insurance industry and also for the telecom and health care industry. There are some of the functional areas of every sort of an organization that uses the ERP systems (Larmouth, 1997). The main purpose of installing an ERP system is done for replacing the legacy systems in any of the organization and for evolving them over some of the years. There are some of the legacy systems that evolve within the organizations and also grows with the responsibilities that are divided among the people for the functional units that can be created. All of these functional units are then later installed with the systems for their requirements. The ERP systems are also available for the types of the organizations that include the manufacturing of the systems for the companies that are related to the sectors for oil and gas exploration and some of the refineries.
13. With regard to SOX, identify what processes and systems are audited to insure compliance. Briefly explain your answer. (Marked out of 4)
Answer In the Sarbanes Oxley requirements there are various certain acts that also require the financial reports that include the internal controls and their report and which also controls and shows the company that there is some of the financial data that also comprises of the adequate controls and acts as various adequate controls that can also safeguard the financial data. The audits that can be used for the controlling of the internal factors for the change management that also involves the IT department for the adding of the databases and the other data infrastructure components including the data backup, access controls, IT security (Sessions amp deVadoss, 2014). The main aim of SOX is restricted and implemented in increasing the transparency for the corporate governance in the financial reporting that comprises of the specific set of the incidents and also for building an understanding the for helping the organization for the compliance and for the overall security and the goals along with the priorities.
14. The OSI layers can be divided between ones strictly concerned with a local computer and ones strictly concerned with transporting data across networks. Answer by identifying the layers that handle local computer functions and the network functions.
(Marked out of 4)
Answer There are several bodies that are used to define the standards for covering the aspects of the communications that are based on computers and the layers that are there are the layers that are used for the interfacing of the several different layers such as the physical layer, data link layer, network layer, transport layer, session layer, presentation layer and also for the application layer. The OSI is responsible for the building of the communications in between the computer systems that also enable the information and their exchange for adhering the mutual standards to some of the set of standards. The layers that are usually based for the hardware purposes are the first three layers that are physical, data link layer and the network layer (Larmouth, 1997). The other layers however, that are used for the exchanging of the data and are also considered as the software layer are the transport layer, session layer, presentation layer and also the application layer.
15. Compare and contrast a best effort service and a QoS services over IP-based networks. Briefly explain your answer. (Marked out of 4)
Answer There are some of the basic approaches that can be seen with the QoS along with the IP-based networks and these approaches are related with the virtual circuits and the datagrams. The architecture of the Internet is entirely based on the model that are based entirely on the internetworking. There are many of the applications that are based on the special requirements of the network that are being run on. It can also be seen that the datagram and its approaches regarding the datagram switching can be done for the connectionless phase where it can be seen that there are packets of data transmission that are transmitted only when the routing is computed through the network that are based on the event and also for the and also for the network of the different packets. There are some of the examples that are valid for the comparison of the traffic that results in the getting of the best effort service (Larmouth, 1997).
16. Enterprise Architectures are complex. What is TOGAF, how does it assist with enterprise architecture, and what type of organizations is it applicable to Briefly describe your answers for each question. (Marked out 4)
Answer The TOGAF is a framework that is used for the architecture for the global standard that can be used for assisting the acceptance, production, its use and also for the maintenance of the different architectures. There are various enterprise architectures of broad range that are used for the specific deliverables of the particular vertical sectors in the government, telecommunications and also for developing the enterprise architecture in order to address the several business needs. The TOGAF can be used for assisting with the enterprise architecture for covering the development of four types of architecture. The TOGAF and its architecture is supported along with many of the types of the architecture that falls under the type of various business architectures, data architectures, application architectures, technology architectures (Josey,2009). There are some of the structures of the TOGAF document as well and they include the introduction, architecture development method, ADM guidelines and the techniques, architecture content framework and enterprise continuum and tools along with the TOGAF reference models and the architecture capability framework.
17. What architecture enables a computer connected to a network to communicate with any other computer on the same network or a different network, regardless of the manufacturer (Marked out of 4)
Answer The architecture that is used in the computer for connecting it to a network for communicating it with any of the other computer is WLAN Architecture. There are two approaches that are used in the WLAN Enterprise. The two types of the architectures that are used in WLAN are Adhoc Network Architecture and Infrastructure Network architecture (Bansal, 2013). The approaches that are used in the WLAN enterprise comprises of deployment and the costs of the manageability. The WLAN is known as the local area of network which provides data and can be used without the wires. There can be an access of information for the network resources that can be used for the local data network to be used as the wireless LAN for meeting, collaborating and also to use it for the other users in order to move them with the location of premises. It uses the access points as the normally wireless routers for the base stations in the wireless networks. The access points are also used as the central device for the WLAN architecture.
18. The FEA has a set of 5 reference models. What is their purpose and how will it accomplish it Briefly describe. (Marked out of 4)
Answer The FEA comprises of the set of the interrelated reference model that are designed in such a way that they are responsible for the analysis of the identification of the investments that are categorized further as five reference models and they are classified as Performance reference models (PRM), Service Component reference models (SRM), Business reference models (BRM), Technical reference models (TRM), Data reference models (DRM) (Josey, 2009). All of these reference models are responsible for the describing of the framework for the elements of the FEA that can be used in the way where there is a flexibility for providing the common performance measurement that can also provide the common output and their measurements through the government on a strategic level. Their purpose lies in the improving of the alignment for the better articulation and for the contribution of the inputs with respect to the outputs and also for creating the opportunities that are based on the organizational and traditional structures with respect to the boundaries.
19. In the Digital Government initiative, how decoupling data and presentation will accomplish the aims of the initiative. (Marked out of 4)
Answer In the digital government initiative, there are some of the imperatives in the mixing for the cloud computing and for the collaboration of the tools used for the fixing of the collaboration changes even with the delivery of the services for having the lower costs. There are some of the factors as well where it can be seen that the Federal Government also needs the digital strategy which can as a result embrace the opportunity to innovation for also enabling the entrepreneur in order to have a better leverage for pushing the expectations that may also require the Government that is Federal in order to be ready for delivering and receiving the digital information which are there. There are some of the mobile adopters as well which state that for the beginning of the experiment one needs to pursue and experiment the things which are there in its innovation (Digital Government, n.d.). There are some of the factors as well which state that the in order to build the future one needs to think beyond the lines that are programmatic and also are responsible for keeping up with the changes in the technology and its pace. There is a requirement that must be fulfilled by securely using the architect systems for the interoperability and also for their openness in the form of the conception. One also needs to have some of the common standards that must be used for ensuring the privacy and security in the digital age. The strategies that are used for accomplishing the three things out of the data can help in enabling the people in order to have an increasingly mobile workforce so as to have an access for the high-quality of data on the government information systems and services be it anywhere and anytime (Digital Government, n.d.
20. Explain what a controlled load service is and how one works. Briefly describe your answer. (Marked out of 4)
Answer The controlled load service is said to be as the services that are enhanced for the applications that also require the better performance for the services that are based on the best effort. The working of the controlled load service is done by the approximation that is provided by the end-to-end behavior which is also a factor of the unloaded conditions and also comprises for delivering the packets that also vary for the transit of the minimum delay. In the controlled load service, it can be seen that the network has an adequate bandwidth that results in the processing of the packets for handling it to the requested levels of the traffic (Stallings, 2011). There are some of the enhanced services of the requirements that are based for the resources in order to provide the special QoS that can be used for the packet streams for the flows that are based on the specific states. The working of the controlled load service is based on the sender and receiver and is also connected through the network which travels through one certain path.
21. What type of framework is focused on quality of service (Marked out of 4)
Answer The Quality of Service is often abbreviated as QoS. It refers to the ability of the network for achieving the maximum bandwidth that can be used for dealing with the network performances that can also be done for the other elements like latency, error rate and also uptime (Stallings, 2011). The kind of the framework that is focused on the quality of services are included under the providing of the detailed services and their performances. It also provides the framework that is used for the development of the certain protocols that are offered for the delivery of the traffic that is being delivered with the several other parameters such as low latency and losses. There are certain applications that are developed for the underlying networking layer which can also adopt the mapping guide from one domain to another and can also implement the certain runtime and platforms.
22. In the context of ERP and the Stockholder ethics theory, what can an employee anticipate in the way of restrictions on information collected in the ERP (Marked out of 4)
Answer The main objective that can be witnessed by the ERP systems provide the integrated view for the businesses and in this chapter it can also be witnessed that there are certain business functions that also face the absence of the integrated view in a certain business. The system of ERP is based entirely on the integrated business for the backend of the level and also for providing the various different levels for accessing the data to the different users. The ERP theory states that it is a different custom built software that is used primarily for the deployment of the ERP challenges (Bansal, 2013). An employee that can anticipate for the integration of the functional units for their certain business are realized basically through an ERP system. The user and the community that is involved and informed in the ERP system continuously provide the support of the data management for the need of the continued success. The ERP systems are a software that also affects the aspects of the organization.
23. Identify the term for a layered structure of hardware and software that supports the exchange of data between systems and supports distributed applications, such as electronic mail and file transfer. (Marked out of 4)
Answer The layered structure of hardware and the software are the terms that are used for the supporting of the data and its exchange that can be done for the systems for the distributed application. The protocols are divided for identifying the certain rules and their requirement that are there are used for the typical tasks for activating the communications and the path of the network that are used in the destination systems for the receiving of the data for the source in order to check the data. There are some of the levels that are needed for the addressing of the network address that can be addressed. There are some of the key elements that are used in the protocol which can also tell that there are some of the semantics, syntax and the timings as well. The kind of the modules that are there and which can be used for the transfer of the file can be done by the three methods and they are file transfer application, communication service module, network access module. The exchange of the data that can be done for the systems and for the supporting of the distributed applications can be done by the giving the primary focus of all the elements by providing all of the computers to one defined communications network that comprises of the service access points and network access (Sessions amp deVadoss, 2014).
24. Identify and describe the role of three ERP components. (Marked out of 6)
Answer The ERP is an abbreviation for the term Enterprise Resource Planning and this is considered to be as the evolved IT system. The main aim of using ERP is done for providing the system with an integrated view that can be used for any sort of the business. The ERP system comprises of an integrated database for the different users and these systems are made in such a way that are different from the custom built software (Bansal, 2013). The ERP system makes sure that it is a software driven business that can manage the system for integrating all of the different facets of the business which might include planning, sales and marketing and also sometimes manufacturing. The three roles that are described by the ERP components usually deals for visualizing the certain role that can be done for the ERP. The role of ERP in an organization shows that for any organization environment there are some of the functional units that showcase the sales, distribution for the production, finance and for the accounting of the materials regarding the handling of the customers (Bansal, 2013). There are also some of the threads of the business processes that are also realized through the ERP system. There are some of the ERP systems as well that run on the client-server based architecture which are also responsible for the three-tier server architecture. Those components also act as the central database server where it can generally be seen that the databases are generally a relational database management system (Sessions amp deVadoss, 2014).
References
Introduction to Enterprise Resource Planning Systems from Bansal, V. (2013). Enterprise resource planning A managerial perspective. New Delhi Dorling Kindersley (India).
Sessions, R. amp deVadoss, J. (2014). A Comparison of the Top Four Enterprise Architecture Approaches in 2014.
Josey, Andrew (2009). Introduction to TOGAF 9 Enterprise. The Open Group.
Network Models from Banzal, Shashi. ( 2015).Data and computer network communication, second edition. (PDF Download)
Larmouth, John. (1997). Understanding OSI Open Systems Interconnection. (Chapter 2. Architecture)
Internet work Quality of Service from Stallings, W. (2011). Data and computer communications (9th ed., pp. 623-659). Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall.
Piccoli, G. (2012). Ethics. In Information Systems for Managers Text amp Cases (pp. 513-515). John Wiley amp Sons.

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