Health Care System and Nursing in Sri Lanka – Ethnography Study

Article Overview

The article selected for critique is Health-care System and Nursing in Sri Lanka: An Ethnographic Study. The article stems to explore cancer pain management in the healthcare system and nursing. It will take the role of nurses in hospital management to offer direction toward policymaking and intra-level nursing organizations and improvement in education and governance. An ethnographic study consists of observing people in their atmosphere to get an insight into their experiences and perspective.

Healthcare System in Sri Lanka

The system that is selected for the research is the Sri Lankan healthcare delivery system which is reporting the shortage of nurses. The Healthcare system of Sri Lanka provides diverse services based on indigenous groups and Western medicine. Health services will be given through a network of primary-tertiary levels (De Silva, 2010). To meet the demand of the healthcare system, it is important to provide the sources and fulfil the shortage of nurses that elevate the level of the healthcare system. In this, the education of nurses is primary which makes the minimal standard to be applied to improve the standards of nursing and services.

Key Issues in Nursing in Sri Lanka

The article takes insight into the Sri Lankan healthcare system where there is poor nursing condition, inadequate salaries and limited career prospects that adversely influence the quality of care provided. The article is aiming to take the consideration of two aspects: an ethnographic study that makes the exploration of the management of pain in cancer practices of nurses in Sri Lanka, and anticipation of an additional article that explores the role of nurses in cancer pain practices in more depth. A theme list will be generated for the sake of a literature review that is leading to the idea of cancer pain management. The purpose is to evaluate nurse educators' knowledge and working in the healthcare system (De Silva et al., 2010). In addition, it will require working in the direction of policy-making and international nursing organizations. The aims address gaps in the healthcare system and how to elevate the level of nurses that improve the education of nurses and governance in Sri Lanka.

Ethnographic Research Design

An ethnographic research design was selected for the investigation of the context of nursing in Sri Lanka. It will be the identification of the cultural components of practices and getting the context of practices. The sample that is selected is hospital and medical management, personnel, supervisors and charge nurses. It will be taking consent in the written about the extensive number of nurses working in cancer-medical wards in a large setting general hospital (De Silva et al., 2010). A sample size of eight registered nurses, aged 33-42 years and working for the selected hospital for the assessment of knowledge and experience in the healthcare system. Out of the selected participants, two key participants will be taken: a clinic nurse and a nurse educator. Gained data will help in assisting and explaining the gaps in the literature.

Data Collection and Sample

The collection of data comprises an author who spent >3 months in the field as an observer to gather the data. In addition, field notes are also taken to make note of important points. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted for 10 participants where a theme list is generated that is aiming to define the practices of pain management in cancer. The interviews will be audiotaped for 1 hour and the things are reported in the English language and audiotaped in Sinhalese which is the most spoken language of Sri Lanka. Data collection will be done in a manner where the root causes will be identified and noted down in the diary that is providing information about the processes and outcomes of the interview where events are recorded regularly. The collection of data will make the reporting of the major causes and lead to the idea that what are the themes present. Presenting and keeping data offers a vast range of information about how to improve the practices in healthcare settings.

Data Analysis

For the analysis of collected data, NVivo software is used to make a qualitative analysis of data. It is an application present that is utilised for the generation of themes. The application is used for the insights of the unstructured data to be presented in a structured manner (De Silva et al., 2010). The tool is widely used by the qualitative researcher that is making organization, analysis and finding firmly. The generation of themes and categories makes the development and concepts to be linked. It will make themes to be coded in a certain manner that is easy to understand.

Theme 1: Healthcare Situation in Sri Lanka

Theme 1 is the situation of healthcare in Sri Lanka seen in terms of the large number of patients who will be there. The lack of sources, busy environment of wards and poor infrastructure of the system found that make the difficult working atmosphere for nurses. Overcrowded wards and poor knowledge of nurses about documentation and management is a serious concern in the Sri Lankan healthcare system.

Theme 2: Nursing Standards in Sri Lanka

Theme 2 is nurses in Sri Lanka that makes them unable to meet the standards of healthcare settings. The nurses will not be having enough knowledge and attitude and beliefs that is a must in the healthcare system. It results in the powerlessness of nurses that is reflecting an increment in workload, getting stuck between the unchanging situation and minimal career opportunities. Therefore, the findings conclude that healthcare settings in Sri Lanka are burdened with the patient and poor resources due to which adverse situations are reported. It displays the requirement of making policies and working in a way that addresses the issues.

Conclusion

The findings will be reported in two major categories: nurses and healthcare institutions. It will make the listing of the factors that are responsible for the impact of healthcare practices. The theme will be described in a narrative manner that is reflective of the situation and will be showing the impact on nurses and healthcare environments where the themes are immersed.

References:

De Silva, S. S. (2010). Health care system and nursing in Sri Lanka.Nursing and Health Sciences. 12, 33-38. http://repository.ou.ac.lk/bitstream/handle/94ousl/205/Article%20-%20Sunil%20De%20Silva.pdf?sequence=1

De Silva, B. S. S., & Rolls, C. (2010). Health‐care system and nursing in Sri Lanka: An ethnography study. Nursing & health sciences, 12(1), 33-38.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2018.2009.00482.x 

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