Nursing Leadership Assessment Answer

NURSING LEADERSHIP


















Introduction
Nursing is a complex and dynamic profession which requires inspiration and engagement of leaders and role models (Scully 2015). The role of leadership becomes crucial in demanding and changing the environment of nursing (Scully 2015). The concept of leadership in nursing has been initiated by Florence Nightingale in the midst 19th century and contributed a lot towards betterment of health and quality of life of the people (Shetty, 2016). She was a role model who has contributed her life to serving people (Hurley and Hutchinson 2013). It has been believed that she was a clinical leader who brought change in conventional healthcare practices for the provision of safe and quality care to the clients (Shetty, 2016). There are various theories that have been given by the theorist for explaining the concept of leadership in nursing. The quotgreat manquot theory for leadership is considered as the earliest leadership theory that gas focused on characteristics and significance of leadership in the field of nursing (Khan and Nawaz 2016). Inspired with the great contribution of Florence Nightingale and other nursing leaders this assessment has been focused on the leadership approaches that can be used by the nurse leaders for bringing a change in their practice for the betterment of health care services. Also, the various characteristics that have been inherited by the nurse leaders which can promote effective leadership in nursing profession have been discussed.
In order to present the information on leadership approaches in healthcare organizations, an interview has been conducted with two nursing professionals in order to know about their perspective about the concept of leadership and various characteristics that have been required by nurse leaders for the enhancement of nursing practices and influencing practice change. The approaches that have been used by these nursing professionals in dealing effectively in clinical situations are explained in brief. The characteristics that have been carried by these nurse leaders have been discussed. In addition, the arguments that have been made by nursing professionals on the concept of leadership, the approaches of leadership and various characteristics of specific leadership approaches have been supported with the help of literature.
An interview has been conducted in order to view and analyze the perspective of two nurse leaders Nurse A and Nurse B on leadership approaches and characteristics that have been used by them in dealing with the clinical challenges and bringing a change in the practice. Nurse A is a registered nurse in the medical-surgical ward of ABC hospital and responsible for delegation, accountability and management of activities of junior registered nurses in providing care to the patients admitted in the medical-surgical ward. Nurse B is a midwife who delegates and manages all the activities of midwives serving and providing maternity care to women in the maternity department of XYZ hospital. Both of the nurses are renowned and well known for their competence in their profession. Informed consent has been obtained by both nurses for the conduction of interview.
During the interview, Nurse A reflected upon her perspective on leadership and defined the concept of leadership very well. She shared that effective leadership plays a very crucial role in nursing practice for the management of nursing staff and their positive development. She defined leadership as a relational, continuous and dynamic process that facilitates a change in practice. She shared various incidents where this concept of leadership has been used by her in solving complex clinical issues. A similar viewpoint about the concept of leadership has been given by Fernandes et al. (2018) who stated that leadership is crucial to every organization and nursing being an organization that is dynamic in nature and have the largest workforce, leadership is very important for the positive development of staff and ensuring safe and quality provision of care. According to Fernandes et al. (2018), leadership is a multi-angled dynamic process which is ethical and continuous in nature and has been used by nurse leaders in order to bring a positive change for the betterment and welfare of people and organization. More or less the similar perspective has been shared by Nurse B who stated that leadership is an art that has been used by the leaders to inspire, motivate and support to achieve a common goal via directed action. She discussed the incidences where her leadership skills managed the conflicts among the team members and solved the complex issues efficiently. The argument that has been made by Nurse B collates by the perspective of Cherian and Karkada (2017) who argued that leadership is a key skill that has been required by the nurses at every level and it is an intrinsic characteristic of an individual. It has been reported that leadership is a multi-faced approach which has been used by the leaders for the determination of a goal, inspiration of team and support and motivation of a team to achieve a mutual goal with help of directed action (Cherian and Karkada, 2017).
quotNurse Aquot shed some light on the importance of leadership in nursing and said that nursing is challenging and dynamic profession which requires continuous engagement and inspiration of the staff. The continuous change and demand in healthcare environment, effective leadership is very important in the advancement of profession and bringing change in the conventional practices according to the demand of profession. She clearly identified that leadership played a crucial role in promoting person-centered care and in nurturing the nursing profession. Similarly, the arguments that have been made by quotNurse Aquot are evident by Scully (2015) who said that nursing is a dynamic profession comprises of a continuous changing environment. According to Scully (2015), the leadership concept is complex and multi-dimensional in nature which is very critical in developing and advancing the profession according to the demands of consumers. It has been reported that nursing leadership is required for dealing effectively with chaos and continuing the advancement of the profession in an unprecedented changing environment (Scully 2015). It is a vehicle that facilitates the implementation of health policies and nursing practices for the improvement of patient health outcomes and the provision of person-centered care to them (Scully, 2015).
Nurse B shared a different perspective on the importance of the concept of leadership in the labor ward and perinatal care. She told that addressing the burden of perinatal mortality that is preventable in nature is a challenging task for every midwife. In order to prevent the maternal and perinatal deaths, midwives must be highly skilled and clinical leadership skills of midwives should be remarkable. According to Nurse B the leadership plays a very crucial role in dealing effectively with unprepared situations encountered by them in labor room. The leadership helps in developing the profession, providing optimal care to the mothers and babies, teamwork, and improving the patient health outcomes. The perspective that has been shared by quotNurse Bquot is completely found to be collated with the arguments that have been proposed by Mianda and Voce (2018) who shared that the role of leadership in labor ward is very crucial and complex. Mianda and Voce (2018) stated that the provision of perinatal care and prevention of maternal mortality requires strong skills of clinical leadership and improved clinical skills of healthcare providers at the bedside of the patients. The strong skills, knowledge and expertise that have been used by midwife leaders in the labor ward can prevent the mortality incidents of neonatal and mothers in labor room (Mianda and Voce, 2018). It has been stated that a positional leader is responsible for overseeing the overall functioning of labor unit and for ensuring the safe and optimal bedside care has been provided by midwives staff to the newly born babies and their mothers (Mianda and Voce, 2018).
During the interview, Nurse A shed light on the approach of leadership that has been adopted by her during her practice. She shared that she believes in transformational approach of leadership as it helps in establishing and developing a nursing environment. She believed that nursing environment is complex and dynamic in nature and approach of transformational leadership proves to be effective in dealing with uncertain and turbulent conditions of emergency in nursing. Nurse A shared that transformational approach is an adaptive leadership and is an adequate approach in developing an environment comprises of shared responsibilities by motivating the followers. She told that she uses transformational style of leadership because it is based on a deep set of moral values and internal ideas. The transformational approach of leadership helps in sustaining greater good and developing supportive environment rather than focusing on personal interests. She shared that the transformational style of leadership helps her in developing confidence, respect, admiration and trust among her teammates and helps in providing a sense of mission between her staff. quotNurse A,quot told that being a part of complex and dynamic filed, she requires to bring change in practices according to the demands of clients for which she needs to influence change with the support of her teammates. Transformational leadership is an effective approach for influencing a change by motivating and inspiring people towards a common goal for the betterment of health outcomes of patients. The different components of transformational leadership, for example, idealized behavior, intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation and many others helps in bringing a change in the existing practices and development of advancement.
The arguments that have been made by quotNurse Aquot collates with the investigations of Doody and Doody (2012), who states that transformational leadership is a phenomenon in which leaders motivate the followers with the help of appealing to great ideas and different moral values. It has been stated that the transformational leaders are persuasive in nature who motivate followers so that they will act to sustain a greater good rather than acting for their personal interests (Doody and Doody, 2012). According to Hutchinson and Jackson (2013), transformational leaders protect the staff from various risks and extend the doing and thinking boundaries for the staff by building ample situations for creativity, energy and innovations. It has been reported that transformational leadership is an effective approach in enhancing the workplace environment and achieving optimal patient health outcomes. According to McCaffrey and Reinoso (2017), transformational leadership influence practice change with the help of inspiration, motivation and strength of vision and motivates the group of people for working towards a common set goal. It is process which comprises of intellectual stimulation of the people to encourage creativity (McCaffrey and Reinoso, 2017). Echevarria et al. (2017) stated that transformational leaders are compassionate about their roles and use approaches of idealized influence, intellectual stimulation, individual consideration and inspirational motivation for developing a continuously adaptable and innovative environment in healthcare organizations.
During interview quotNurse Aquot provide some information about the various inherent characteristics that have been carried by a transformational leader. She said that the role of a transformational leader is very complex and there are various attributes of leaders that make them a transformational one. The various attributes of a transformational leader include respectful, inspirational, adaptable, trustworthiness, organized, emotional intelligence, risk-taking, team-oriented, reliable, motivational, nurturing, assertive and many others. She shared that it is very important for a nurse leader to have emotional intelligence because it helps in understanding power distribution (the power of self and power of others). This would help in supporting and inspiring the staff to achieve the best out of them. The motivational skills of transformational leader help in motivating the staff for investing time, energy and efforts for achieving a common goal. The risk-taking attribute of a nurse leader helps in managing challenging situations and achieving a productive outcome. A transformational leader should be reliable, assertive, inspirational, trustworthy and respectful in nature so that he/she can enhance the productivity of staff and can make them believe in the vision of their leader. Similarly, the various characteristics that have been shared by quotNurse Aquot have been articulated by Echevarria et al. (2017) who showed that emotional intelligence is an important attribute that has been carried by a nurse leader. It is the ability of the transformational leader to monitor the emotions and power of own and others and prevent the discrimination. This skill of transformational leaders helps them in guiding the actions and thinking of team members (Kumar, 2014). According to Cavazotte et al. (2013), one of the important attributes of transformational leader that include a practice change is team orientation as this characteristic helps in emphasizing ton building a team and development of group goals by transformational leaders. The motivational skills of transformational leaders impart passion to work for a specific reason which is beyond than status or money (Olson 2012). The trustworthiness, respect and reliability of a transformational leader describes his/her credibility which helps in developing a will of commitment and contribution of the followers towards a mission of the organization (Williams et al. 2018). The inspirational characteristic of a transformational leader provides them a quality to inspire and motivate the people to act in a guided way (Das 2012). According to ekmeceliolu and zba (2016), the risk-taking behaviors of a leader helps in developing a creative behavior among leaders so that they can view beneficial opportunities and show these opportunities to their subordinates so that they can work in collaboration to grab the opportunity and to get the desired outcomes.
When the perspective of Nurse B has been taken on transformational leadership, she criticized the transformational style of leadership and said that self-promotion is the major drawback of transformational leadership. She shared that the transformational leaders are goal oriented in nature and sometimes they can compromise with the emotions of team members. The critical argument that has been made by Nurse B has been collated with the findings of Renjith et al. (2016) who found that impression management is a major limitation of transformational approach of leadership. The leaders ca self-promote themselves in transformational leadership and can manipulate followers to act in a directed action which could lead to loss instead of gain of the organization (Renjith et al., 2016). Nurse B shared that the nursing profession is highly based on values and beliefs of the clients and professionals and aims towards provision of holistic care so she believes in congruent leadership as it is an approach that demonstrates a match between the beliefs and values of a nurse leader and the action proposed by him/her. She shared that the congruent leaders moved clearly and decisively towards their beliefs and values. This kind of leadership helps the nurse leaders to know and understand the actions that have been taken by them in order to bring a change in practice. The same viewpoint has been expressed by who shared that congruent leadership is a framework which supports the understanding of clinical leadership of a nurse leader. This framework provides a new hypothesis to the clinical leaders so theta these leaders can recognize the congruence between their beliefs and values and the actions proposed by them. quotNurse Bquot discussed some role models who follow the congruent style of leadership and said that Mother Teresa was an innovative congruent leader who applied her beliefs and values to her actions and changed the life and health outcomes of man people. She said, in clinical practice, leadership is not about vision, control on budget, authority or position. In clinical settings, the role of nurse leaders is to be a coalface, bedside and frontline doers. The same concept of congruent leadership has been explained by Stanley (2016) who said that congruent leaders are clinical leaders who emphasize on the provision of high-quality care to the patients and supports the development of better health services in future. It has been reported that the congruent leaders believe respect for others during nursing care and thus their values and beliefs reflects in their practices (Stanley, 2017a). They provide reveries at the frontline and bedside of a patient in order to enhance their quality of life (Stanley, 2017). quotNurse Bquot said that congruent leadership can be changed in the practice by engaging with the hearts and minds of the staff and the creation of an environment where employees can be inspired for achieving extraordinary outcomes. It helps in developing and shaping an organizational culture through sharing of emotional experiences of nurses and by relating these experiences with other people.
According to Stanley (2012), congruent leadership influence practice change by supporting innovation in healthcare systems. The congruent leaders motivate people by involving their beliefs and values in their actions and supporting and respecting the experiences of other staffs of an organization. It has been stated that the congruent leaders interpret the policies and take initiatives for the advancement of healthcare systems so that care and services that have been provided by the nurses can be improved (Ibrahim, 2017). The congruent leaders empower others for shaping clinical care, influencing people, continually improving services and achievement of higher levels of excellence (Ibrahim, 2017).
It has been asked by Nurse B to share some characteristics that should be carried by a congruent leader for effective practicing the profession and she said the attributes of a congruent leader are somewhat similar to transformational leaders. The various characteristics that support the role of a congruent leader include motivation, approachability, flexibility, integrity, advocacy, creativity, clinical competence and supportive nature, effective communication, coping and inspiration. She shared that all these characteristics of a congruent leader impart the skills for developing a culture of excellence in clinical settings and the provision of safe and quality care to the clients. The same qualities of a congruent leader have been explained by who showed that attribute of motivation of congruent leader help in motivating the staff for enhancing the care provided y them to their clients and achieving the great levels of excellence in their practices (Stanley, 2017b). It has been reported that the skills of inspiration help the congruent leaders in arising creativity and unusual activity among the staff and provide an insight to perform a particular action (Stanley, 2017b). A clinical leader should be approachable so that the employees would feel comfortable in sharing their ideas with the leaders. A congruent leader should be clinically competent so that effective decisions can be made by them and he/she could direct the actions of others in order to achieve better health outcomes (Mannix et al., 2013). It has been reported that supportive attribute of congruent leaders helps in building trust and a sense of respect between the leaders and the staff so that the leader can inspire the staff for acting in a directed way for better health outcomes of the patients (Mannix et al., 2013). The attribute of advocacy helps the congruent leaders in the transformation of health systems and the implementation of best nursing practices in clinical settings (Casey et al., 2011). The attribute of integrity facilitates dealing effectively eth the ethical dilemmas that could be encountered by the congruent leaders and helps them in directing their actions according to the values and beliefs carried by them (Andresen, 2017).
The main theme that has been emerged from the discussion about the role and approaches of leadership in nursing is motivating the people for the betterment of healthcare practices. The real models who have been serving the leadership skills for the advancement of nursing practices showed that leadership plays a crucial role in the field of nursing.Nurse A shared that leadership is critical in the positive development of nursing staff and their effective management. She said that effective leadership is continuous, relational and dynamic process that influence practice change. From the literature, it has been found that nursing is a dynamic profession and comprises of a large workforce. It has been examined that for the management and development of this workforce leadership is very important. It has been discussed by quotNurse Aquot that for the inspiration and continuous engagement of workforce in the healthcare settings nursing leadership is essential. She shared that effective leadership facilitates promotion of person-centered care and nurture of nursing professionals. Moreover, Nurse B stated that the role of leaders is even more crucial in the provision of care in labor ward. The burden of preventable death in labor room is challenging for the nursing professionals and it requires critical leadership skills. It has been found that transformational leadership is an effective leadership approach which facilitates motivation and inspiration of the staff for achieving a common goal. The transformational leaders extend the doing and thinking boundaries of followers. On the other hand, it has been found that the congruent leaders moved clearly and decisively according to their beliefs and values and motivate people for the advancement of nursing practices and provision of best possible care to the patients. The various characteristics of transformational leaders and congruent leaders have been discussed and it has been found that the characteristics that have been carried by the two leaders aim towards a common goal of changing the conventional practices and betterment of healthcare services for enhanced health outcomes of the patients. The individual perspective of both nurses about the concept of leadership and the approaches used by them in dealing with nursing issues has been discussed deeply in the assessment.
















References
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Appendix
Q1 Please share how you define the concept of leadership in the field of nursing
Q2 Please tell me what you think how much leadership is important in healthcare industry
Q3 Please shed some light on the importance of leadership process on the practices of midwives
Q3 Can you please share in which kind of leadership style you believe
Q4 Can you please share with us about different characteristic that needs to be carry by a transformational leader
Q5 Nurse B, please share with us your perspective about transformational leadership and which leadership style you prefer in your practice

 

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