Nursing Strategies Person-Centered Care and Teamwork

Answer 1

While taking care of dying patients, there are several problems faced by the nurses or the health care workers, hence there are several strategies that need to be adopted. Some of these strategies are mentioned and described below. The first strategy is emotion-focused coping, it is attitude oriented, in this major concern is how one feels about the stimulus. Self-control is mainly considered a coping strategy and also a personality trait. The more is the level of self-control, the more effectively a person can defer gratification. If a person escapes, then it will result in disengagement and it will be associated with behavior and wishful thinking. Responsibility should be accepted, and other forms of emotion are focused on contributing to the problem (Huffman & Harmer, 2023). The major intention is to ensure things should prosper. In several cases nurses experience burnout, when there are several patients taken care of then nurses need to take care of patients. Burnout is a major issue faced by nurses and since it is a common issue hence, there are several strategies devised to control it. The client should be involved in extracurricular activities, this will help them to divert the mind of the patient, and more effective care is provided. It will help to maintain the mental status and helps in the adequate functioning of the brain (Lai et al., 2018).

Another effective technique that is followed is to practice mindfulness and along with it some breathing exercises. When mindfulness is practiced it will help to calm down the mind and all the steps will be practiced effectively. Mindfulness allows the person to stay in their best state of mind, and all their thoughts are focused. When mindfulness is practiced along with breathing techniques it will take care of two important things. Compartmentalization is an important step in which the person compartmentalised different feelings experienced by them in a highly effective manner. Since the nurse is involved in taking care of dying patients, there is a high chance that the nurse is at high risk of emotional vulnerability (Lancaster et al., 2017). To control this emotional vulnerability, compartmentalization is highly important as it will help them set aside all their emotions and allow them to work effectively. In some cases when support is required, the nurses should be provided that support, this ensures they are working efficiently and any emotional support which is required is provided to them. Any sort of healthy activity should be adopted as a coping strategy. This is an efficient method as it will allow the health of the person to be maintained. When the health is maintained, all other functions are carried out effectively and there will be no problems faced by the patient. Connecting with supportive people is highly important and one can also be engaged in a community activity. When a person is engaged in a community activity, it lets them discuss all their problems easily and the solution is also obtained efficiently and effectively. Community activity allows the community members to provide full support (Wajid et al., 2021).

Answer 2

Person-centred approach (PCA) or care is a care process that ensures that the people who survive are at the center of everything. This caring approach is delivered when the social and health care professionals all work together with the people. The services which are provided are tailored to support the patient in the best way possible. There are four principles of person-centered care these are respect and compassion, dignity, and personalization and coordination. All these principles need to be followed as it ensures effective and efficient care is provided. PCA is a highly important strategy of care in palliative or end-of-life care (EOLC) (Fang & Tanaka, 2022). It is aimed towards prioritizing the needs of the individual and values of the family and patient in the process of decision-making. Other than this, it is also necessary to plan for social and health care. The person-centered care in palliative care is aimed to make the whole person visible and prioritize satisfaction based on psychological, existential, and spiritual. Primary care is highly important and it plays a vital role in the treatment of people with serious illnesses. It is best positioned to coordinate with patient care and patient health service. These clinicians often treat patients who are near the end of life and along with it, there are several treatment options, and, psychological support needs to be provided. In addition to this treatment is also been provided for more advanced illnesses and comorbidities are been provided (Hsu et al., 2019).

Care coordination is highly important and for it, communication is required among all the providers, families, and patients. It is highly crucial as it involves social and medical dimensions. Primary care is mainly expected to carry the coordinated function, this ensures that quality care is provided and holistic care is delivered. Although this care technique is highly useful, it has drawn some form of criticism as it has not addressed the rich matrix of the human experience and it takes care of family, individual and sociocultural aspects. PCA mainly focuses on the medical setting as it underestimates the role of community-based support (Moody et al., 2018). There is a significant role in the community and community-based support is highly important. Although the ambiguous and complex nature of PCA is mainly relevant in EOLC policy. While receiving end-of-life care, the patient often experiences a varied number of transitions, PCO ensures that all the transitions faced by the people are smooth, this will ensure adequate care, hence, that's why it is necessary to provide proper care and all the guidelines need to be followed. Hospital readmissions are frequent due to which the transitions are managed and they should be managed to make the process smooth (Österlind & Henoch, 2021).

Answer 3

Teams play a highly important role in palliative care when the team gathers all the necessary resources of disciplines such as social workers, nurses, and pharmacists to provide the best possible patient care. Along with it, a well-functioning team has also added the benefit to make better decisions and this prevents member burnout. Collaboration is highly important in palliative care because when the patient is transferred between the healthcare settings, required collaboration and information exchange between the healthcare professional is required. This is important as it ensures efficiency, continuity, and safety of care. The other members of the team who are present often support the patient and the caregiver. It also includes addressing the practical needs and providing counseling. It also provides a support system to help the patient live actively until death (Mélin et al., 2020). When a multidisciplinary approach is adopted, holistic care is provided, this implies every aspect is taken into consideration such as physical, emotional, and mental. Adopting a collaborative approach is useful as it helps to improve collaboration, reduce any duplication of effort, save time, and improve the working relationship. It also helps to provide a better experience for people in the social care service and health care service. Collaboration improves how the team works and how problems are solved. It leads to increased innovation, increased success, efficient processes, and improved communication. With teamwork, the patient can handle all the processes efficiently (Huffman, J.L., & Harmer, 2023).

Several objectives need to be followed while taking care of the patient. Clear objectives and goals need to be established, this will help the team members to understand the reason behind the change or the procedure is also understood. Teamwork is effective at several levels, it helps to ensure communication is done efficiently, and it improves and works well for brainstorming. When there is a common goal then it encourages the team to work towards a common goal. The culture of the company also plays an important role and it should be aimed that company culture is important. In this case, study as the patient is aged, hence, a whole team will be required to take care of the patient (Devery et al., 2022). All the members of the team will work towards the welfare and maintaining the health of the patient. The organization within the team member is highly important as it will ensure that all the functions are carried out effectively. While working in a team helps to reduce medical errors. One of the benefits of working together as a team is that team members can communicate when they perceive a mistake is about to be made. To that end, every participant on the team must feel comfortable enough to speak up when they see something being done improperly (Anderson et al., 2019).

References

Anderson, E., Sandars, J., & Kinnair, D. (2019). The nature and benefits of team-based reflection on a patient death by healthcare professionals: a scoping review. Journal of Interprofessional Care , 33 (1), 15–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/13561820.2018.1513462

Devery, K., Winsall, M., & Rawlings, D. (2022). Teams and continuity of end-of-life care in hospitals: Managing differences of opinion. BMJ Open Quality , 11 (2), e001724. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2021-001724

Fang, C., & Tanaka, M. (2022). An exploration of person-centred approach in end-of-life care policies in England and Japan. BMC Palliative Care , 21 (1), 68. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-022-00965-w

Hsu, N.C., Huang, C.C., Chen, W.C., & Yu, C.J. (2019). Impact of patient-centred and family-centred care meetings on intensive care and resource utilisation in patients with terminal illness: A single-centre retrospective observational study in Taiwan. BMJ Open , 9 (2), e021561. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021561

Huffman, J.L., & Harmer, B. (2023). End of life care. StatPearls .Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544276/

Lai, X.B., Wong, F. K.Y., & Ching, S. S.Y. (2018). The experience of caring for patients at the end-of-life stage in non-palliative care settings: A qualitative study. BMC Palliative Care , 17 (1), 116. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-018-0372-7

Lancaster, R. J., Kautzmann, C., Micheal, J. C.J., Chandrasekaran, L., Jambunathan, J., & Chapin, T.M. (2017). Attitudes of nurses towards care of the dying patient in India. International Journal of Palliative Nursing , 23 (11), 558–566. https://doi.org/10.12968/ijpn.2017.23.11.558

Mélin, M., Amieva, H., Frasca, M., Ouvrard, C., Berger, V., Hoarau, H., Roumiguière, C., Paternostre, B., Stadelmaier, N., Raoux, N., Bergua, V., & Burucoa, B. (2020). Support practices by an interdisciplinary team in a palliative-care unit for relatives of patients in agonal phase. BMC Palliative Care , 19 (1), 173. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-020-00680-4

Moody, L., Nicholls, B., Shamji, H., Bridge, E., Dhanju, S., & Singh, S. (2018). The Person-centred care guideline: From principle to practice. Journal of Patient Experience , 5 (4), 282–288. https://doi.org/10.1177/2374373518765792

Österlind, J., & Henoch, I. (2021). The 6S-model for person-centred palliative care: A theoretical framework. Nursing Philosophy: An International Journal for Healthcare Professionals , 22 (2), e12334. https://doi.org/10.1111/nup.12334

Wajid, M., Rajkumar, E., Romate, J., George, A.J., Lakshmi, R., & Simha, S. (2021). Why is hospice care important? An exploration of its benefits for patients with terminal cancer. BMC Palliative Care , 20 (1), 70. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-021-00757-8

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