Pathogenesis of Ischemic Stroke Assessment Answer

Pathogenesis of Ischemic Stroke

• IS results due to reduced blood flow to the brain.
• Pathogenesis of IS is complex it involves:
• Extreme production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
• Rise in intracellular and mitochondrial calcium levels.
• Activation of proinflammatory leukocytes in the central nervous system.
• Reduction in cellular ATP.
• Encouraged neuronal cell death (Bu et al., 2021).

The pathogenesis of ischemic stroke (IS) is a complex process that ultimately results from a significant reduction in blood flow to the brain. One key aspect involves the excessive production of ROS, which leads to oxidative stress and damage to brain cells. Additionally, IS is characterized by a rise in extracellular and mitochondria calcium levels, disrupting normal cellular function. Inflammation also plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of IS, as proinflammatory leukocytes become activated within the CNS contributing to tissue injury. A reduction in cellular ATP occurs due to the compromised blood supply further worsening the cellular distress. Collectively, these complexes processed encourage neuronal cell death leading to the characteristic brain damage seen in ischemic stroke (Bu et al., 2021).

Risk Factors of Ischemic Stroke

• Age: Mrs. Mary is a 78-year-old lady
• Hypertension: BP 148/69 (Wajngarten & Silva, 2019).
• Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM): 9.5 mmol/L (Wang et al., 2022).
• Atrial fibrillation.

Mrs. Marry has a background of hypertension (BP 148/69mmHg), which can damage blood vessels over time, increasing the likelihood of blood clots and plague formation (Wajngarten & Silva, 2019). T2DM can be the other potential risk factor as it elevates the risk of atherosclerosis. (Wang et al., 2022). Mrs. Mary has a history of atrial fibrillation, which may lead to the development of blood clots in the heart, which can travel to the brain and result in a stroke

References

Bu, Z. Q., Yu, H. Y., Wang, J., He, X., Cui, Y. R., Feng, J. C., & Feng, J. (2021). Emerging role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke: A new therapeutic target?. ASN neuro, 13, 17590914211037505. https://doi.org/10.1177/17590914211037505

Wajngarten, M., & Silva, G. S. (2019). Hypertension and stroke: update on treatment. European Cardiology Review, 14(2), 111. https://doi.org/10.15420%2Fecr.2019.11.1

Wang, K., Lv, Z., Xu, P., Cui, Y., Zang, X., Zhang, D., & Wang, J. (2022). Factors related to the risk of stroke in the population with type 2 diabetes: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine, 101(3). https://doi.org/10.1097%2FMD.0000000000027770

You Might Also Like:

Case Study Analysis: Managing Chemotherapy ComplicationsSearch Assignment Samples

Secondary Stroke Prevention Assignment Answer Writing

Medical Science Assignment Help

Looking For Complete Assignment Sample Get It On WhatsApp