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  • Subject Name : Systems Analysis & Design with UML


Properties of Information
The information that are associated with the Caf de Carol business system are coming from different functional domain of the business. Three different categories of information of the business scenario of Caf de Carol are presented as follows.
Payment System Information
Booking and Ordering Information
Staffs and Customer Information
These mentioned three categories of information associated with the business scenario of Caf de Carol are very important information. The general characteristics of these three different categories of information related with the Caf de Carol business are defined as follows.
1.1 Payment System Information
The information related with the payment of the order either partial while booking and finally complete after dinning or accepting the delivery of the meal goods either on phone through credit card or on the counter at the Caf de Carol premise ensures the finalization of an order. This is so important that it is basic requirement of any of the business either like the Caf de Carol or any other sale and purchase business. In case of Caf de Carol current payment system by the customer are straight forward but the record keeping is manual. This manual system of the management of payment requires intensive workforce and due diligence. This also requires high level accuracy to avoid any discrepancy for both Caf de Carol and customers.
The existing methodology of payment realization system has following characteristics.
Customer has to pay initially 5 pond at the time of order booking.
Customer requires to pay either by credit card on phone or at counter of Caf de Carol
Once this initial amount is paid then order is considered as booked and recorded into the diary.
Rest of the amount of meal or table order is paid at counter or on phone using the credit card after the dinning or order delivery.
The above mentioned characteristics of payment information shows that the current system of payment is not so effective as paper based record keeping and preparing the report needs too much efforts and chances of error occurrence will also be very high.
1.2 Booking and Ordering Information
There are three different option for its foods for booking like dine-in, takeaway and home delivery. The process of booking for all these three options are same. First of all customer to call Caf de Carol to book the table for dine-in, takeaway and home delivery. The booking confirmation by staff of Caf de Carol depends on the availability of table with given time slot. Further, the booking with option takeaway also depends upon the timing. But, in case of booking with option home delivery the dependency goes on multiple factors such as customer address location and Caf de Carol delivery list for given address, availability of staff who delivers the food orders
The record keeping of order for food by Caf de Carol is also manual through the help of paper based records. There is no electronic system to handle the booking records so that it needs more efforts and hence the error rate for booking and performing the order timely is not ensured for many cases.
1.3 Staff and Customer Information
Staff and customers of Caf de Carol are backbone of the business. There are 12 general staffs such as waiters and waitress, 3 chefs and one manager. The customers can be old or new. The data of new customer who orders first time is recorded into the diary permanently for future reference. The information like name and contact information along with gender, date of birth and notes are taken under index card are kept. The manual entry and management of these information to determine that this is new or old customer is very tough and also requires more efforts.
The staff details with their function under Caf de Carol is also manual and defined by current situation by manager on daily basis. Therefore, various types of reports such as print or display of daily list of each staff with their activities, management of restaurant, daily and weekly outcome summary and reports preparation not easily performed.
Usability
Object Oriented Development (OOD) is modern system development methodology and very useful methodology to develop the real word system application. Caf de Carol business system effectively being develop and usability of software system is ensured. The principle behind the OOD to develop software system for Caf de Carol business system are very straight forward with following justification.
2.1 Object Oriented Analysis
Object oriented analysis is primary steps of object oriented system development (Rowlett, 2001). This is a object oriented software requirement engineering. All the objects, their data and methods are identified from the problem domain. The objects are identified by the analysis process of the detailed documentation, interviewed, questionnaire etc of Caf de Carol business domain. After the specification of objects the relationship of the objects with other objects are specified and specification documentation is prepared for the further course of action to develop the required software system of Caf de Carol business.
2.2 Object Oriented Design
The objects of the analysis domain are taken to prepare three different categories design model under this process of the object oriented development. Three different design models are developed here in this phase of object oriented development methodology are detailed as follows.
2.2.1 Static Model
A class and object diagram is developed from the specified objects and relationship. The class and object diagrams are static structure model which contains all the classes having the data methods. This class diagram is initial model which specified the object relations with other objects of the system of Caf de Carol business problem domain.
2.2.2 Dynamic Model
Dynamic model is behavioral model of system. The state chart diagram is developed under this process of dynamic modeling. The state chart diagram represents the object flows with respect to the behavior of the individual method. The state chart diagram has three different items. These are object initial state, action and object final state. An action is taken by a method on the object and object changes the state. A complete state chart diagram is developed which provides the behavioral model by states of the objects with actions.
A scenario of message flow between the objects of the system is also defined on which the objects changes the states from one to another state by the action produced by the method inherent with the objects.
2.2.3 Functional Model
This is last model where the data flow and processes of the system are designed and developed. Data flow diagrams are developed. There are many levels of the data flow models are developed under this step of design. Initially context diagram is developed and then level , level 1 and if required then level2, level3 and so on various level data flow diagrams are developed.
Once the data flow diagram is developed the modeling process of the system is completed and all the modeled documents such as static structure model like class and object diagram, state chart diagram and data flow diagram become output of the dynamic or behavioral model of the system of Caf de Carol business process software application
2.3 Object Oriented Programming
This last process of the object oriented develop of software system of Caf de Carol business system application. The dynamic designed models such as static model and dynamic models are taken input in the phase of software system development of Caf de Carol business process. The design models are converted to software modules by applying the object oriented programming languages such as C, Java, Simula, Smalltalk etc.
The selection of programming language to implement the models to convert them in software application depends upon the requirement. Individual modules are programmed under the object oriented programming language and once all the modules are implemented then process of testing of modules with various testing procedures are deployed.
During the testing process of the implemented software modules under the object oriented programming language the bugs are identified and these all identified bugs are removed and finally all the implemented modules are combined to produce the final software system for Caf de Carol Business process.
These three mentioned processes of object oriented development are basically structured process of the object oriented system development. The development of software system by applying the object oriented development for software system of Caf de Carol business process and successful implementation depends upon the correctness of the object oriented analysis. This is due to fact that object oriented analysis is primary phase where the initial investigation must be completed correctly to identify all the objects from problem domain of Caf de Carol restaurant business functional aspects. The correct object identification and specification also depends on the correct data and methods so that an expert team must do such an activity to analyze the requirements and objects of the system. Further, a standard methods such as study of detailed documents of the Caf de Carol business process, interviewing to the right staff to get right information, questionnaire which correct questions are very necessary requirements for the object oriented analysis of Caf de Carol business process software system.
Development Methodologies
There are so many development methodologies to develop the high quality object oriented software systems such as iterative, Rational Unified Process, Agile method and Xtreem Programming. Therefore, the software system of Caf de Carol business process can be developed by applying any of these development methodology. The selection of development methodology depends upon the requirements, timing and cost. Thus, an appropriate development methodology is selected to develop the high quality software system for Caf de Carol within budgeted cost, time and requirements.
Iterative Development Methodology is software development life cycle model where the iterations for development is applied (Bittner amp Spence, 2007). This is considered as increment based development by which the small and simple version of software system is developed in first iteration and then more iteration is taken to develop more complex software system. In case of Caf de Carol software system many iterations are taken to develop simple to complex version to finally deploy the software system after last iteration.
There are four phases of iterative development life cycle model. These phases are requirement, design, implementation and test, finally review phase. These all phases are required to taken to develop software system for Caf de Carol. The details of the all the phases by iterative development methodology to develop the software system of Caf de Carol are detailed as follows.
3.1.1 Requirement Phase
Initially the plan for development is devised that includes the assessment of requirements for the software system of Caf de Carol. The planning includes the budget cost, time for different activities of software development. Once the plan is completed then requirement engineering is taken to analyze the software system requirements. The basic requirements of the software system of Caf de Carol are analyzed and a requirement specification document is developed.
3.1.2 Design Phase
The requirement documents are taken as input for this design phase and design of the various sub systems of the software system of Caf de Carol is developed. With respect to the object oriented development the static model, dynamic and functional model design documents are developed. These all models are developed as per the basic requirements specified under the requirement specification document of requirement phase. The design documents such as class diagram, state chart diagram, data flow diagram of the Caf de Carol software system. These design documents are produced as output of design phase and this phase is completed with specified time of plan.
3.1.3 Implementation and test phase
The design documents are taken as input in this phase of the iterative software development methodology. An object oriented programming is selected to implement the codes from detailed designed documents. The programming language produces the software codes which is tested and finalized by removing the bugs. Once all the modules are coded the integration of modules are done and integration testing is performed and identified bugs are removed. Finally the developed and testing software system becomes ready to be deployed under the current iteration of iterative development method.
3.1.4 Review
After the implementation this current iteration a review is taken to capture the all the newly bugs. Revision of design documents, implemented codes etc are taken to execute next iteration to develop more complex version of software system of Caf de Carol is taken
There are four different phases are taken in each iteration under the iterative development methodology. In each subsequent iteration more complex version of the software system of Caf de Carol is developed. Iterative development methodology is also interchangeably considered as the incremental method where more complex version of software system of the given problem is developed in each increment. Iterative development method can be successively applied to develop the software system for Caf de Carol business system. As the Caf de Carol system pertains the risks related with requirement change so that iterative development methodology is highly suited. This software development model is a cyclic model so that the risks associated with change of requirement can easily be included in the next cycle such as iteration of development. It is also true that iterative development methodology follows the agile methodology which is more suitable for the object oriented development. Therefore, iterative development methodology can be used to develop high quality software system for Caf de Carol. The last iteration is the final version of software system so that any flaws and problems of previous iterations by iterative method are avoided. This ensures that the projects deployed to develop software system for Caf de Carol will not be failure due to lack of requirements or change in the requirement during the development phase.
Professionalism
BCS defines the code of conduct to the IT professionals by sets of four standards (BCS Codes of Conduct and Practice, 2019). The IT professionals who develops the software system of Caf de Carol must act in professional manner while investigating and analyzing the system requirements. These all code of conducts as per specific of all four sets of the code of conduct defined by BCS to IT professionals to act in professional manner with doing the system investigation and analysis are as follows.
All the team members of system investigation and analysis of software system of Caf de Carol must have due regards to legitimate rights and ethical practice while interviewing the staffs of Caf de Carol to gather the information, analyzing the documentation.
All the members who perform the system investigation and requirement analysis to the software system of Caf de Carol must have the knowledge in relevant field and also understand the legislation, regulation associated with the such practices.
All the IT professional who are doing the investigation and analysis of the requirements of the software system of Caf de Carol must regards the human rights and also avoid such activities which adversely affects the rights of staffs such as waiters, waitress and manager.
The IT professional members who are doing the system requirement investigation and analysis to specify the requirements of Caf de Carol software system carry out the due care and diligence with respect to the requirements of Caf de Carol.
The members always care about the time and budget as defined under the plan for requirement investigation and analysis.
Any facts associated with the system of Caf de Carol must not be disclosed for person benefits or to make harm to the Caf de Carol by any of the IT professional who are doing the investigation and requirement analysis.
The IT professional members should have to avoid the activities which is not responsibility while performing the investigation and requirements with any other member of the team.
Misrepresentation of information must not be conducted by any of the IT professional member during the investigation and requirement analysis of the Caf de Carol system.
The IT professional members should be go beyond their responsibility if there is not such instruction from the supervisor or manager while doing the investigation and requirement analysis for the Caf de Carol software system.
The deployed senior member for system investigation and requirement analysis must motivate and encourage the junior members.
The integrity towards the subordinate and fellow members are always be maintained while performing the investigation and requirement analysis for the software system of Caf de Carol.
The information and related investigation facts must be kept secret by all the IT professional involved with the specific activities of the work if that is not given under the plan.
Time to time the IT professional member should have to upgrade their skills amd knowledge and also maintain the advancement of technology, process and procedures for requirement investigation and analysis.
The IT professional members should deploy the recognized good practices and processes for investigation and requirement analysis for the software system of Caf de Carol.
All the IT professional members involved in the process of investigation and requirement analysis for the software system of Caf de Carol should not claim their competence beyond the level of their competence for which they are not able to do and also not having the such practices in past with current and past organizations.
The IT professional members must have to reduce the conflict between them which further becomes a cause of interest conflict between them.
References
Rowlett, T. (2001).The object-oriented development process. Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall.
Bittner, K., amp Spence, I. (2007).Managing iterative software development projects. Upper Saddle River, NJ Addison-Wesley.
BCS Codes of Conduct and Practice. (2019). Retrieved from https//www.cs.uct.ac.za/mit_notes/ethics/htmls/ch04s04.html

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