Tobacco Control in Australia

Define the policy area that is investigated in the research

The policy area that need to be researched is tobacco control in the region of Australia. Tobacco smoking is considered as one of the most serious issues in the current age as it is the prime cause for the development of wide range of disorders. Not only this, it also results in the development of the cancerous growth in varied parts of the body also. Therefore, in order to prevent the use of tobacco within the city of Australia, the government has issued varied types of rules and regulations among the individual of all age groups starting from 12 and above (Jongenelis, 2020). The prime cause behind tobacco control is that it is acknowledged as a slow poison that inexorably minimises the expectancy of the lives of the individual. In the long run, the smokers are pushed towards the demise due to the development of varied types of chronic diseases by consuming cigarettes. As a result to counteract to these types of disorders, the government of Australia curtailed the utilisation of nicotine based tobacco cigarettes within the people of all ages (Grogan, 2020). The key intention behind the introduction of such type of causes is to mitigate the intensity of development of varied types of diseases within the individual of Australia. Along with this, tobacco control is also essential in order to maintain the safety of the health of the individual of Australia and to minimise the rate of mortality in the entire globe (White, 2020).

In addition to this, tobacco control is necessary as according to World Health Organization (WHO), 20, 500 deaths took place in Australia in the recent years and this is now becoming the cause of mature epidemic of the nation. Therefore, the government of Australia is trying to impose strict regulations over the supply of the tobacco within the region (Jongenelis, 2020). At the same time, a ban is imposed by the government over the promotion of the cigarettes within all the medias of Australia so as to reduce the consumption level. On the same time, the packaging is also mentioned to be made in a plain manner so as to minimise the inspiration of the individual towards it in the coming years. Despite of making such types of amendments, the consumption of tobacco products is increasing day by day rather than reduction and so it is becoming extremely detrimental for the citizens of Australia (Smith, 2021). Furthermore, to decline the consumption level, the government of Australia issued bans over usage of cigarettes within the bars, clubs, restaurants and also while driving cars. This is done to reduce the level of use of nicotine based products and the death rates of Australia.

Articulate the research question

The research questions of the research are mentioned below:

• In what ways tobacco control policy could be effective?
• What are the measures used to impose the tobacco controlling policy?

Literature review

In this contemporary era, the practice of consumption of tobacco is becoming a source of critical issue for the humanity. Due to this, the citizens of Australia are moving ahead towards slow and rapid death due to the presence of varied diseases in tongue, mouth, heart, lungs and others (Townsend, 2021). Therefore, in order to curb the rate of such diseases, the tobacco control policy is introduced within the region of Australia to reduce the mortality of the individual. Since, tobacco is recognised as an epidemic which is considered as one of the biggest threat of the human beings (Grogan, 2020). It is the main cause for the death of all more than 8 million individual in the entire year. Within which, 7 million die due to direct consumption of tobacco and the rest due to the use of indirect consumption of tobacco fumes. Therefore, in order to decrease the rate of deaths, Tobacco control policy is introduced that presents bans over the advertising of the tobacco products. Along with this, varied laws are introduced to restrict the sponsorship of tobacco products so as to minimise the purchase of these products. Other than this, the point of sale of the tobacco products are also cancelled by the government of Australia in the recent ages, so as to decrease the death rate. Besides this, as per the tobacco control policy, the retail display of the nicotine products is also restricted by the government so as to improve the safety of the individual of Australia. In addition to this, the tobacco control policy also included the awareness program campaigns highlighting the dangerous effects of tobacco and other nicotine products. Along with this, it also focused over the advantages of quitting the cigarettes from the small children and young adults. Besides this, the merits of smoke free living is also mentioned through advertising campaigns within Australia and this can minimise the hazards of tobacco.

Apart from this, rehabilitation centres are also introduced as a part of the tobacco control policy so as to mitigate the excess use of cigarette smoking. The prime intention behind this is to protect the individual and help them to restrict the habit of smoking daily. The nicotine free cigarettes are also highlighted among the smokers so as to change the habit of nicotine. Not only this, to protect the natives of Australia from the issue of smoking, the prices of the cigarettes are made much costlier than other parts of the world. Contrary to this, it can be mentioned that failure to implement such types of measures of the tobacco control policy can prove extremely detrimental for the region (Townsend, 2021).

Research Methodology along with rationale for selecting the study design

Study design and data source

The study design used in this research is descriptive one rather than others. Although, there are many other designs, still descriptive design is considered as it could prove effective in examining varied aspects of the topic i.e. tobacco control policy in a descriptive manner (Ranabhat, 2020). By doing so, it could be extremely advantageous in attaining varied features of tobacco control policy of Australia in an efficient way (Dessaix, 2020). Besides this, the relationship of varied variables can be easily known with the help of descriptive study design. In lieu to this, the tobacco control policy of Australia can be researched in a descriptive manner and these facts can be utilised for the further research in the long run. The data source used for the research is both quantitative and qualitative data as to combine as well as compare the facts effectively. The prime sources from which, the qualitative data is gathered are statistical methods and qualitative data can be collected from questionnaire, interviews and observations. Since, it can be effective in attaining the positive and negative facts regarding tobacco control policy of Australia in an accurate manner as compared to others. Against the latter statement, it can be described that failure to implement these data can result in attainment of improper facts and figures that can hamper the entire research (Peruga, 2021). Thus, due to these aspects, both quantitative and qualitative data could the best process to attain information regarding the tobacco control policy.

Sampling Frame

The sampling frame means the sample of the respondents used for analysing the aspects of the research. In this case, selective sampling frame or list of population is taken into consideration rather than random sampling. This is because, from a certain selective section of population, those including the habit of consuming tobacco can be used for the purpose of attaining facts and details regarding smoking (Jongenelis, 2020). So that authentic information can be gathered from them as compared to others. Contrary to this it can be mentioned that failure to use such types of sampling frame can prove extremely problematic for the researcher to collect the data.

Key variables/ concept of interest

There are two variables of methodology. Among them independent and dependent variables are present (Gravely, 2021). In this case, the dependent variables are directly related to the topic. This means that the smokers using tobacco are the prime individual comprising of varied types of disorders such as chronic diseases and cancers. Thus, these dependent individual are related with the tobacco and the tobacco control policy are introduced for the safety and healthy living standards (Gartner, 2020). Against the latter statement, independent variables are those that include no influence with the topic and so these are not relevant in this case. The concept of interest in this case, is the ways by which tobacco control policy is helpful in Australia and the ways by which it ca be implemented in the region. So that, tobacco control policy can prove effective in minimising the death rate and chronic disorder ranges among the natives of the region of Australia. The varied aspects used for this are also highlighted in the paper so as to identify the pros and cons of the tobacco control policy within the area of Australia.

Analysis plan

To identify the utilisation of the tobacco control policy in an accurate manner, initially the data is collected and then it is analysed with the help of mixed method and then the final results are obtained from it (Freeman, 2023). However, to do so, both survey method and statistical method are used. To develop the questions, five pointer scale is used and then it is presented to the selected populations of the region (Jongenelis, 2020). Then with the help of bar and pie graphs it is analysed in an efficient manner so as to depict the final results of the tobacco control policy of Australia. Apart from this, these data is evaluated with the information attained through statistical examinations. Then the most feasible information is taken into consideration. Against the latter statement, it can be mentioned that improper analysis of the facts can prove extremely difficult in identifying the real facts regarding smoking (Cho, 2023). Not only this, the entire study would result in vain and not further details can be attained from this. 

Expected Outcome and impact of the proposed research study

The expected outcomes of the study is that, it presented varied data and facts regarding the policy of tobacco control in Australia. (Grogan, 2020) Other than this, it also offered the positive aspects of introducing the tobacco control policy within the individual of Australia and the ways by which it mitigated them from the habit of smoking. The ways by which anti smoking campaigns proved effective for the Australian citizens is also highlighted within the region of Australia. However, the gap identified is that, whether the study is successful in all aspects or not is not highlighted (Arora, 2020). Since, still a huge proportion of Australian individual are consuming tobacco and the death rate is increasing. Thus it can be mentioned that the impact of the study is effectual but more efforts need to be presented towards it.

References

Arora, M. C. (2020). Global impact of tobacco control policies on smokeless tobacco use: a systematic review protocol. . BMJ open .

Cho, A. S. (2023). Tobacco purchasing in Australia during regular tax increases: findings from the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project. . Tobacco Control.

Dessaix, A. F. (2020). Making tobacco control a priority. . Public Health Research & Practice .

Freeman, B. (2023). Reigniting tobacco control: returning Australia to the front of the pack. . Public Health Research & Practice .

Gartner, C. E. (2020). Predicting the future prevalence of cigarette smoking in Australia: how low can we go and by when?. . Tobacco control .

Gravely, S. C. (2021). Self-reported quit aids and assistance used by smokers at their most recent quit attempt. Findings from the 2020 International Tobacco Control Four .

Grogan, P. &. (2020). Far from ‘mission accomplished’: time to re-energise tobacco control in Australia. . Public Health Research & Practice .

Jongenelis, M. I. (2020). Challenges and opportunities for tobacco control in Australia: a qualitative study. . Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health .

Peruga, A. L. (2021). Tobacco control policies in the 21st century: achievements and open challenges. Molecular oncology .

Ranabhat, C. L. (2020). Situation, impacts, and future challenges of tobacco control policies for youth: an explorative systematic policy review. Frontiers in pharmacology .

Smith, T. T.-H. (2021). Which tobacco control policies do smokers support? findings from the International tobacco control four country smoking and Vaping survey. .

Townsend, B. F. (2021). What generates attention to health in trade policy-making? Lessons from success in tobacco control and access to medicines: a qualitative study of Australia and the (comprehensive and pr .

White, S. L. (2020). Tobacco dependence treatment in Australia–an untapped opportunity for reducing the smoking burden. . Public Health Research & Practice .

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